Apparatus of Franck-Hertz Experiment Basic Model for Advanced Physics Lab

The Apparatus of Franck-Hertz Experiment Basic Model for Advanced Physics Lab is designed to provide direct experimental verification of Bohr’s atomic energy level theory through the observation of inelastic collisions between electrons and Argon atoms. This classic experiment is one of the most important demonstrations in modern physics, offering compelling evidence that atoms possess discrete energy levels rather than a continuous energy spectrum. In the experiment, electrons emitted from a heated cathode are accelerated through a controlled electric field and collide with Argon atoms inside a gas-filled tube. When the electrons acquire sufficient kinetic energy, they transfer a specific amount of energy to the Argon atoms during inelastic collisions, causing atomic excitation. The resulting reduction in electron energy produces characteristic variations in the collected current, revealing the quantized nature of atomic energy levels. The apparatus features a visible Argon tube that requires no preheating, ensuring convenient operation and rapid experiment setup. Experimental data may be recorded manually, displayed in real-time on an oscilloscope, or processed digitally using a storage oscilloscope. For enhanced data acquisition and analysis, an optional USB-based data acquisition system allows direct connection to a computer. This apparatus provides students with a clear understanding of energy quantization, atomic excitation processes, and the experimental foundations of quantum mechanics. Physics Lab Experiments from Atico Exports.

Experiments:

Verification of Bohr’s Atomic Energy Level Theory:

• Observe discrete energy losses during electron-atom collisions
• Demonstrate the existence of quantized atomic energy states
• Verify fundamental predictions of Bohr’s atomic model

Study of Energy Quantization in Atoms:

• Measure excitation energy of Argon atoms
• Analyze periodic current maxima and minima
• Understand discrete atomic energy levels

Investigation of Inelastic Electron Collisions:

• Observe energy transfer between electrons and atoms
• Study excitation and de-excitation processes
• Explore collision dynamics in atomic systems

Current-Voltage Characteristic Measurement:

• Measure collector current as a function of accelerating voltage
• Identify characteristic Franck-Hertz peaks
• Analyze experimental curves and determine excitation potentials

Experimental Data Acquisition and Analysis:

• Record experimental data manually
• Display characteristic curves using an oscilloscope
• Perform digital analysis using optional DAQ software

• Franck-Hertz Experiment
• Verification of Bohr Atomic Theory
• Quantum Mechanics Education
• Atomic Energy Level Studies
• Electron-Atom Collision Experiments
• Energy Quantization Demonstrations
• Modern Physics Laboratory Training
• Advanced Undergraduate Physics Experiments

Voltage to Franck-Hertz Tube:

VG1K:

• 1.3 ~ 5 V

VG2A (Rejecting Voltage):

• 1.3 ~ 15 V

VG2K (Point-by-Point Mode):

• 0 ~ 100 V

VG2K (Oscilloscope Mode):

• 0 ~ 50 V

Filament Voltage (VH):

• AC: 3 V, 3.5 V, 4 V, 4.5 V, 5 V, 5.5 V & 6.3 V

Sawtooth Wave Parameters:

Scanning Voltage:

• 0 ~ 60 V

Scanning Frequency:

• 115 Hz ± 20 Hz

Scanning Output Amplitude:

• ≤ 1.0 V

Microcurrent Measurement Range:

• 10⁻⁹ ~ 10⁻⁶ A

Measured Peaks (Point-by-Point Mode):

• ≥ 5

Measured Peaks (Oscilloscope Mode):

• ≥ 3

Components Included:

Main Unit:

• Quantity: 1

Argon Tube:

• Quantity: 1

BNC Cable:

• Quantity: 2

Optional Accessories:

Data Acquisition System with Software (USB Interface):

• Quantity: 1

• Direct Verification of Atomic Energy Quantization
• No Preheating Required for Argon Tube
• Multiple Data Acquisition Methods
• Real-Time Oscilloscope Observation
• Optional Computer-Based Data Analysis
• Clear Observation of Characteristic Franck-Hertz Peaks
• Reliable and Stable Experimental Performance
• Suitable for College and University Physics Laboratories
• No Preheating Required for Argon Gas Tube
• Multiple Data Acquisition Modes
• Visible Argon Tube for Clear Experimental Observation
• Manual Recording, Oscilloscope Display, or Computer-Based Analysis
• Optional USB Data Acquisition System
• Cost-Effective Design for Teaching Laboratories
• Ideal for Demonstrating Bohr’s Atomic Theory