A vacuum disk filter is a rotary filtration device used for separating solids from slurry. It consists of a slowly rotating drum partially submerged in pulp, where filtration occurs through segmented filter media under vacuum.
Working Principle
- Drum rotates with lower half submerged in slurry
- Vacuum draws liquid through filter medium forming a solid cake
- Cake rises out of slurry and is washed by spray nozzles
- Vacuum is cut off and compressed air is applied
- Cake detaches and falls onto scraper or discharge launder
Operating Variables :
- Filtration performance depends on balancing:
- Feed density
- Disc rotational speed
- Condition of filter sectors
- Vacuum level (inches of mercury)
Operational Notes :
- Feed density affects filtration efficiency
- Excess water in system reduces filter performance
- Proper control of slurry density is critical
- Larger particles filter more easily than fine particles
- Fine materials and slimes reduce filtration capacity
- Circuit balance is required for optimal operation
Typical Capacity (Approximate) :
Copper concentrates :
- 150–300 lbs/ft² per 24 hrs
Lead & zinc concentrates :
- 300–630 lbs/ft² per 24 hrs
Cyanide tailings :
- 300–600 lbs/ft² per 24 hrs
Coal concentrates :
- ~1500 lbs/ft² per 24 hrs
Barite :
- ~3000 lbs/ft² per 24 hrs
