Energy Losses in Piping Elements Teaching Equipment

When water flows through a pipe system, flow resistance causes pressure losses at pipe elements, fittings and valves. This experimental unit is designed to investigate and visualize pressure losses in different pipe elements and to study how different pipe geometries affect fluid flow.

The experimental unit comprises a pipe section containing several pipe elements with different flow resistances, including contraction and enlargement sections. A ball valve is also integrated into the pipe system. Pressure measuring points with annular chambers are provided upstream and downstream of the pipe elements to ensure accurate pressure measurement.

The pressure measuring points can be connected in pairs to tube manometers to determine the pressure loss across individual pipe elements. The system also supports practical experiments on flow measurement, pressure measurement, friction factors and resistance coefficients of various pipe fittings and valves.

Manufactured by Atico Export with a focus on precision, durability and consistent performance for technical education and practical training applications.

Specifications :

• Training set consisting of equipment that can be used independently
• Closed water circuit with a tank and two-stage centrifugal pump
• Calculation of pressure losses in pipes and drawing of pressure curves
• Different pipe materials and pipe diameters
• Transparent PU pipes and galvanized steel pipes used as pipe materials
• Elbow pipe section, contraction and expansion pipe sections, replaceable valves and fittings
• Pipe test zone length: 2 m
• At least three pressure measurement points in each pipe test zone
• Rotameter and volumetric measuring tank for measuring water flow rate and calibration comparison
• Replaceable needle valve, shut-off valve and ball valve with different opening characteristics
• Stopwatch set for volume flow measurements
• Tube manometers, Bourdon tube pressure gauge and differential pressure sensor for pressure and differential pressure measurements
• Ring-shaped pressure measuring points for accurate pressure measurement
• Movable tube manometer panel
• 90° elbow connections

Experiments :

• Basics of flow measurement
• Basics of pressure measurement
• Determination of the friction factor for different pipe materials and diameters
• Finding the resistance coefficients of elbows, expansion piece and contraction piece
• Pressure losses and opening characteristics of valves and fittings

Technical Specifications :

Centrifugal Pump :

• Type: 2-stage
• Power consumption: 0.50 kW
• Maximum flow rate: 4.5 m³/h
• Maximum head: 15 m

Transparent Pipes :

• Diameter: 32 × 2 mm
• Diameter: 25 × 2 mm

Steel Pipe :

• Diameter: 1/2"

Elbow Pipe Section :

• Diameter: 25 × 2 mm

Contraction Pipe :

• Diameter: 20 × 2 mm

Expansion Pipe Section :

• Diameter: 32 × 2 mm

Pipe Section with Valves and Fittings :

• Diameter: 20 × 2 mm

Volumetric Measurement Tank :

• Capacity: 20 L

Main Water Tank :

• Capacity: 110 L

Pressure Measurement Range :

• -1 bar to +1.5 bar

Differential Pressure :

• 1 piece: 0 mbar to ±350 mbar

Column Manometer :

• 8 pieces: 0 mmSS to 1000 mmSS

Flow Rate :

• 1 piece: 400 L/h to 4000 L/h

Power Supply :

• 230 V, 50 Hz, 1 phase

Delivery :

• Devices should be delivered fully assembled, tested and ready to operate.