Francis Turbine Module Teaching Equipment

Water turbines are turbomachines that utilize the energy of flowing water. The Francis turbine is a reaction turbine that converts the pressure energy of water into kinetic energy in both the distributor and rotor. Water enters the distributor through a spiral housing, where adjustable guide vanes accelerate and direct the water onto the rotor blades. The redirection and further acceleration of the water in the rotor generate an impulse that is transferred to the rotor.

This experimental unit is designed as a model of a Francis turbine for demonstrating the operating principle of a reaction turbine. The unit consists of a rotor, distributor with adjustable guide vanes, band brake for loading the turbine and a housing with a transparent front panel.

The transparent cover allows clear observation of the water flow, rotor and guide vanes during operation. The angle of attack and resulting rotor power can be adjusted by changing the guide vane position. Turbine torque is determined through force measurement using a band brake and spring balances. A non-contact speed sensor is used to measure rotational speed, while a manometer displays the water pressure at the turbine inlet.

The experimental unit can be positioned easily and securely on a suitable base module work surface. Water can be supplied and the flow rate measured through the base module or alternatively through a laboratory water supply.

Manufactured by Atico Export with attention to applicable quality, safety and functional requirements for technical education applications.

Specifications :

• Demonstration of the operating principle of a Francis turbine
• Transparent front panel for observing the operating area
• Turbine loading using a band brake
• Adjustable guide vanes for setting different angles of attack
• Marking on the brake drum for non-contact speed measurement
• Spring balances for determining turbine torque
• Manometer for displaying pressure at the turbine inlet
• Flow rate determination through the base module
• Water supply through the base module or laboratory supply

Technical Details :

Turbine :

• Output: 12 W at 1100 min⁻¹
• Flow rate: Approx. 40 L/min
• Head: 8 m

Rotor :

• Number of blades: 7
• Blade width: 5 mm
• External diameter: 50 mm

Guide Vanes :

• Number of vanes: 6
• Adjustable in 20 stages

Measuring Ranges :

Force :

• 2 × 0–10 N

Pressure :

• 0–1.0 bar

Required for Operation :

• Closed water circuit or suitable water connection
• Drain